cherokee in the united states readworks answer key

What evidence supports the fact the Cherokee were not treated fairly. [26] It was formerly adjacent to and is now part of Qualla Boundary (the base of the federally recognized Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians) in North Carolina. He recounted what they shared about pre-19th-century Cherokee culture and society. The Eastern Band, aided by William Thomas, became the Thomas Legion of Cherokee Indians and Highlanders, fighting for the Confederacy in the American Civil War. . State-recognized tribes may have different membership requirements and genealogical documentation than to the federally recognized ones. Do you agree or disagree? [51] In the Treaty of St. Louis (1825), the Osage were made to "cede and relinquish to the United States, all their right, title, interest, and claim, to lands lying within the State of Missouri and Territory of Arkansas" to make room for the Cherokee and the Mashcoux, Muscogee Creeks. [68] The Museum of the Cherokee Indian, also in Cherokee, displays permanent and changing exhibits, houses archives and collections important to Cherokee history, and sponsors cultural groups, such as the Warriors of the AniKituhwa dance group. [102] Cherokee Nation spokesman Mike Miller has suggested that some groups, which he calls Cherokee Heritage Groups, are encouraged. The Tuscarora War marked the beginning of a British-Cherokee relationship that, despite breaking down on occasion, remained strong for much of the 18th century. [26] Glottochronology studies suggest the split occurred between about 1500 and 1800 BCE. Descendants of the Texas Cherokees and the Mount Tabor Community joined together to try to gain redress from treaty violations, stemming from the Treaty of Bowles Village in 1836. "Notable Persons in Cherokee History: Dragging Canoe". Start studying Cherokee. In 1830 Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, authorizing the forcible relocation of American Indians east of the Mississippi to a new Indian Territory. For Indian Territory, this meant the abolition of the Cherokee courts and governmental systems. In 1836, they signed a treaty with Texas President Sam Houston, an adopted member of the Cherokee tribe. Read the sentence. The Cherokee consider this area to be part of their homelands, which also extended into southeastern Tennessee. [75], It was unusual for a Cherokee man to marry a European-American woman. Ross preserved a vestige of independence by negotiating permission for the Cherokee to conduct their own removal under U.S. From the end of the Civil War until 1975, they were associated with the Cherokee Nation. [47], In 1802, the federal government promised to extinguish Indian titles to lands claimed by Georgia in return for Georgia's cession of the western lands that became Alabama and Mississippi. ][98], Cherokees are most concentrated in Oklahoma and North Carolina, but some reside in the US West Coast, due to economic migrations caused by the Dust Bowl during the Great Depression, job availability during the Second World War, and the Federal Indian Relocation program during the 1950s1960s. In the 1700's, the Cherokee lived mainly in the southern and south central part of what is now the United States. The American Indians used this territory as a hunting ground by right of conquest; it had hardly been inhabited for years. The UKB are mostly descendants of "Old Settlers", also called Western Cherokee: those who migrated from the Southeast to Arkansas and Oklahoma in about 1817, prior to Indian Removal. The U.S. required the 1866 Treaty to provide for the emancipation of all Cherokee slaves, and full citizenship to all Cherokee freedmen and all African Americans who chose to continue to reside within tribal lands, so that they "shall have all the rights of native Cherokees. The Cherokee (/trki, trki/;[7][8] Cherokee: , romanized:Aniyvwiyai or Anigiduwagi, or Cherokee: , romanized:Tsalagi) are one of the indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States. They would be born outside the clans and traditionally were not considered Cherokee citizens. RELATED ACTIVITIES Cherokee Nation Reading Comprehension - Online Cherokee Nation Profile - Homes, Culture, Diet, Wars Sequoyah Reading Comprehension Sequoyah Reading Comprehension - Online Following the adoption of the Cherokee constitution in 1976, TCAB descendants whose ancestors had remained a part of the physical Mount Tabor Community in Rusk County, Texas were excluded from CN citizenship. In the U.S. Civil War their allegiance was divided between North and South, with large contingents serving on each side. Samuel Worcester campaigned on behalf of the Cherokee in New England, where their cause was taken up by Ralph Waldo Emerson (see Emerson's 1838 letter to Martin Van Buren). Not sure about the geography of the middle east? Read these sentences from the text. T he Mus e um 's a rc hi t e c t us e d s t ruc t ure s a nd m a t e ri a l s from Hol oc a us t s i t e s - i nc l udi ng form e r c a m ps - a s i ns pi ra t i on for t he Mus e um 's de s i gn. According to anthropologist Charles M. Hudson, the Pardo expedition also recorded encounters with Muskogean-speaking peoples at Chiaha in southeastern modern Tennessee. Sandbox Learning is part of Sandbox & Co., a digital learning company. The Cherokee (/ t r k i, t r k i /; Cherokee: , romanized: Aniyvwiyai or Anigiduwagi, or Cherokee: , romanized: Tsalagi) are one of the indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States. answer choices The United States wanted the land on which the Cherokee lived. Historically, women have primarily been the heads of households, owning the home and the land, farmers of the family's land, and "mothers" of the clans. Political power among the Cherokee remained decentralized, and towns acted autonomously. Cherokee Nation Reading Comprehension This resource includes a historical passage and ten multiple choice questions. He helped guide the United States through the U.S. Civil War. The Cherokee speak a Southern Iroquoian language, which is polysynthetic and is written in a syllabary invented by Sequoyah () in the 1810s. A small group known as the "Ridge Party" or the "Treaty Party" saw relocation as inevitable and believed the Cherokee Nation needed to make the best deal to preserve their rights in Indian Territory. Where does the beginning of the story take place? [66] Oklahoma Governor Kevin Stitt, himself a Cherokee Nation citizen, sought to reverse the Supreme Court decision. The Dawes Act of 1887 provided for the breakup of commonly held tribal land into individual household allotments. Home. [62] William Holland Thomas, a white store owner and state legislator from Jackson County, North Carolina, helped over 600 Cherokee from Qualla Town obtain North Carolina citizenship, which exempted them from forced removal. The earliest recorded Virginia trader to live among the Cherokee was Cornelius Dougherty or Dority, in 1690. In western North Carolina, what were known as the Valley, Middle, and Outer Towns were located along the major rivers of the Tuckasegee, the upper Little Tennessee, Hiwasee, French Broad and other systems. [50] Increased conflicts with the Osage Nation led to the Battle of Claremore Mound and the eventual establishment of Fort Smith between Cherokee and Osage communities. For instance, the Payne papers describe the account by Cherokee elders of a traditional two-part societal structure. It forwards its recommendations to the Assistant Secretary - Indian Affairs for consideration.[105]. A few were Scotch-Irish, English, French, and German (see Scottish Indian trade). Americans farmed differently than the Cherokee. List the powers and privileges of the landed elites. A "white" organization of elders represented the seven clans. Ridge had rst made a name for himself opposing a Cherokee proposal for removal in . During this period, divisions arose between the acculturated elite and the great majority of Cherokee, who clung to traditional ways of life. When did the Cherokee first start to interact with the Europeans? From 1906 to 1975, the structure and function of the tribal government were defunct, except for the purposes of DOI management. Founded in 1946, the Qualla Arts and Crafts Mutual is the country's oldest and foremost Native American crafts cooperative. He believes that the origin of the proto-Iroquoian language was likely the Appalachian region, and the split between Northern and Southern Iroquoian languages began 4,000 years ago.[11]. When the Cherokee Nation first purchased a printing press, some of . The Cherokee Phoenix (Tsalagi Tsulehisanvhi), the Cherokee Nation's first official newspaper, appeared on February 21, 1828.Printed with English and Cherokee side-by-side, it was the first North American Indian newspaper to be published in an indigenous language, as well as the first North American bilingual newspaper. The Cherokee Indians were forced to leave their lands. Topics include map skills, colonial America, the Revolutionary War, U.S. States and capitals, communities, and economics. ANSWER KEY: Questions and answers for each scene in the virtual field trip. [64] Cherokee in Indian Territory divided into Union and Confederate factions. Men and women have historically played important yet, at times, different roles in Cherokee society. 900 seconds. When Andrew Jackson was inaugurated as President in 1829, Georgia gained a strong ally in Washington. When the Cherokee were forcibly removed on the Trail of Tears, they took slaves with them, and acquired others in Indian Territory.[86]. [22] There is a consensus among most specialists in Southeast archeology and anthropology about these dates. Advancement to leadership positions was generally subject to approval by the women elders. What were called the Lower towns were found in what is present-day western Oconee County, South Carolina, along the Keowee River (called the Savannah River in its lower portion). [12], The Cherokee Nation has more than 300,000 tribal members, making it the largest of the 574 federally recognized tribes in the United States. [citation needed], The United Keetoowah Band tribal council unanimously passed a resolution to approach the Cherokee Nation for a joint council meeting between the two Nations, as a means of "offering the olive branch", in the words of the UKB Council. These ideas were largely incorporated into the 1827 Cherokee constitution. Which argument would make it easier for the Federal government to justify their removal or resettlement? Many of these people trace descent from persons enumerated on official rolls such as the Guion-Miller, Drennan, Mullay, and Henderson Rolls, among others. Note to teachers: Each sentence must be . C. The United States has many small political parties that work to help American voters. Marched over 800 miles (1,300km) across Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri and Arkansas, the people suffered from disease, exposure and starvation, and as many as 4,000 died, nearly a fifth of the population. It ended in 1717 with peace treaties between the colony of South Carolina and the Creek. [14], A Cherokee language name for Cherokee people is Aniyvwiyai (,[15] also spelled Anigiduwagi[16]), translating as "Principal People". Boudinot published the first edition of the bilingual 'Cherokee Phoenix,' the first American Indian newspaper, in February 1828. These are held to address issues affecting all of the Cherokee people. Eventually, Hawkins helped them set up smithies, gristmills and cotton plantations. [69], In 2007, the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians entered into a partnership with Southwestern Community College and Western Carolina University to create the Oconaluftee Institute for Cultural Arts (OICA), to emphasize native art and culture in traditional fine arts education. Other Iroquoian-speaking tribes in the Southeast have been the Tuscarora people of the Carolinas, and the Meherrin and Nottaway of Virginia. The following year, the state of Oklahoma couldn't block federal action to grant the Cherokee Nationalong with the Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole Nationsreservation status. Other examples of borrowed words are kawi () for coffee and watsi () for watch (which led to utana watsi ( ) or "big watch" for clock). readworks-org-answer-key-slavery 1/1 Downloaded from stats.ijm.org on January 12, 2023 by guest Readworks Org Answer Key Slavery As recognized, adventure as without diculty as experience nearly lesson, amusement, as skillfully as contract can be gotten by just checking out a books Readworks Org Answer Key Slavery as a consequence it is not directly done, you could agree to even more . The administrations of the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians and the Cherokee Nation have a somewhat adversarial relationship. x U#b4lEDd$,l 4kC KL3f58kdI&Fq703$3/y]T_nr|nS~[>GIPE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@PE@P$,6}_j}*K}ix s( I&&{rVT@%JU+8&44k@"@U(sewr TXierXmXlBg1Dn5w]dXeqHqipEp=_~Exg_^Q?aP?QWD|!2e;u J*!BxHgtJVLkUR;(s'$-7?a)+JkFnBd\L%Iu/ A after B although C because D though 9. This was in the wake of the American Civil War, when the U.S. emancipated slaves and passed US constitutional amendments granting freedmen citizenship in the United States. A second group of younger men, the "red" organization, was responsible for warfare. Historians noted the name closely resembled that recorded for the Eriechronon or Erielhonan, commonly known as the Erie tribe, another Iroquoian-speaking people based south of the Great Lakes in present-day northern Pennsylvania. More than 4, 00 Cherokees died of cold, disease, and lack of food during the 116-day journey. The CN has constructed health clinics throughout Oklahoma, contributed to community development programs, built roads and bridges, constructed learning facilities and universities for its citizens, instilled the practice of Gadugi and self-reliance, revitalized language immersion programs for its children and youth, and is a powerful and positive economic and political force in Eastern Oklahoma. The Cherokee Nation includes numerous members who have mixed ancestry, including African-American, Latino American, Asian American, European-American, and others. In 1827, the Cherokee Nation drafted a Constitution modeled on the United States, with executive, legislative and judicial branches and a system of checks and balances. The Cherokee oral history tradition supports their migration from the Great Lakes. [citation needed], Researchers have debated the reasons for the change. Comprehension questions are multiple choice, short answer, and true/false. The conversion of stored potential energy into kinetic energy can also be harnessed The document was eventually ratified by a small portion of the electorate. [108] The Cherokee Freedmen had 90 days to appeal this amendment vote which disenfranchised them from Cherokee citizenship and file appeal within the Cherokee Nation Tribal Council, which is currently pending in Nash, et al. [81] Miles argues white agents were mainly responsible for the shifting of Cherokee attitudes toward womens role in politics and domestic spaces. He encouraged the Cherokee to abandon their communal land-tenure and settle on individual farmsteads, which was facilitated by the destruction of many American Indian towns during the American Revolutionary War. Morand, Ann, Kevin Smith, Daniel C. Swan, and Sarah Erwin. Because they had already migrated from Indian Territory at the time of the Dawes Commission, their ancestors were not recorded on the Final Rolls of the Five Civilized Tribes, which serve as the basis for tracing descent for many individuals. Many theories, though all unproven, abound about the origin of the name "Cherokee". To convince the Cherokee to move voluntarily in 1815, the US government established a Cherokee Reservation in Arkansas. This is intended both to preserve traditional art forms and encourage exploration of contemporary ideas. The children of such a union were disadvantaged, as they would not belong to the nation. [81] By the time of removal in the mid-1830s, Cherokee men and women had begun to fulfill different roles and expectations as defined by the "civilization" program promoted by US presidents Washington and Jefferson. Although the Cherokee overwhelmingly repudiated this document and the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the nation's autonomy, the state of Georgia secured an order for their removal, which was accomplished by military force. In January 1716, Cherokee murdered a delegation of Muscogee Creek leaders at the town of Tugaloo, marking their entry into the Yamasee War. You may have also heard people belonging to these tribes [19] It is possible the word "Cherokee" comes from a Muscogee Creek word meaning people of different speech, because the two peoples spoke different languages.[20]. There a succession of Iroquoian-speaking tribes were encountered by Europeans in historic times. These included Fort Loudoun near Chota on the Tennessee River in eastern Tennessee. He remained a citizen of and under the laws of the United States. [55] There is, however, ample evidence that the Cherokee were adapting to modern farming techniques. Such "Intermarried Whites" were listed in a separate category on the registers of the Dawes Rolls, prepared for allotment of plots of land to individual households of members of the tribe, in the early twentieth-century federal policy for assimilation of the Native Americans. Cherokee in the United States Cherokee in the United States by ReadWorks William Penn Adair, Cherokee delegate to U.S. Congress, 1866 A very long time ago, before the United States even existed, the land was already home to a wide variety of different American Indian tribes. Anthropologists and historians have two main theories of Cherokee origins. According to Cherokee vs. Georgia, is the Cherokee Nation an independent nation? By a new treaty at the close of the war they freed their black slaves and admitted them to tribal citizenship, but in 2007 the Cherokee voted to strip the descendants of those slaves of their citizenship; the change took effect in 2011 after it was upheld by the tribal supreme court. A.D. 1300-1850)", "New Georgia Encyclopedia: Chief Vann House", "New Georgia Encyclopedia: Cherokee Phoenix", "The Promised Land: The Cherokees, Arkansas, and Removal, 17941839. [10] However, anthropologist Thomas R. Whyte, writing in 2007, dated the split among the peoples as occurring earlier. They frequently live in farming communities, or by military bases and other Indian reservations. While a date was set for the meeting between members of the Cherokee Nation Council and UKB representative, Chad Smith, then Chief of the Cherokee Nation, refused to have the meeting. By Posted christian dior bracelet In hillsboro high school football coaching staff Initially only the didanvwisgi learned to write and read such materials, which were considered extremely powerful in a spiritual sense. where they lived." Another major source of early cultural history comes from materials written in the 19th century by the didanvwisgi (), Cherokee medicine men, after Sequoyah's creation of the Cherokee syllabary in the 1820s. During the Mississippian culture-period (1000 to 1500 CE in the regional variation known as the South Appalachian Mississippian culture), local women developed a new variety of maize (corn) called eastern flint corn. A zooplankton would most likely eat. These Cherokees became known as "Old Settlers. Initially, his innovation was opposed by both Cherokee traditionalists and white missionaries, who sought to encourage the use of English. Other descendants trace their heritage through the treaties of 1817 and 1819 with the federal government that gave individual land allotments to Cherokee households. They translated the Bible into Cherokee syllabary. ____________________the Cherokee had a good relationship with early European settlers. B. 5 Jun. Cherokee. Some historians believe the decline in priestly power originated with a revolt by the Cherokee against the abuses of the priestly class known as the Ani-kutani. [67], The Qualla Arts and Crafts Mutual, Inc., of Cherokee, North Carolina is the oldest continuing Native American art co-operative. ", "New Georgia Encyclopedia: "Worcester v. Georgia (1832)", "Treaty of New Echota, Dec. 29, 1835 (Cherokee United States)", "Cherokee in Georgia: Treaty of New Echota", "Supreme Court Rules That About Half of Oklahoma is Native American Land", "Oklahoma governor's tribal fight raises ancestry questions", "Announcement of the founding of the Oconaluftee Institute for Cultural Arts in Cherokee", "How Native American Slaveholders Complicate the Trail of Tears Narrative". _____ _____ _____ 8. It is not actively seeking a status clarification. The first Treaty of Tellico Blockhouse, signed November 7, 1794, finally brought peace between the Cherokee and Americans, who had achieved independence from the British Crown. % "Political parties in the United States nominate, or choose, the people they want to elect. During the late Archaic and Woodland Period, Native Americans in the region began to cultivate plants such as marsh elder, lambsquarters, pigweed, sunflowers, and some native squash. Under the leadership of Principal Chief Bill John Baker, the Nation has significant business, corporate, real estate, and agricultural interests. : Deeds' head Reisinger chronicles Cherokee land cessions, broken treaties that litter the history of Buncombe County", "Answer Man: Did the Cherokee live on Biltmore Estate lands? (University of Missouri Press, 1992). The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians interacts with the Cherokee Nation in a unified spirit of Gadugi. 2 answers. 566. . Before the 19th century, polygamy was common among the Cherokee, especially by elite men. stream cherokee in the united states readworks answer keywaterrower footboard upgrade. Tribal entities still exist, however, and many Oklahoma Cherokee live on tribal landholdings. 9 answers. Many of these men married women from their host peoples and remained after the fighting had ended. Constitution of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma. In 1905, the Five Civilized Tribes of the Indian Territory proposed the creation of the State of Sequoyah as one to be exclusively Native American but failed to gain support in Washington, D.C.. The Cherokee organized a national government under Principal Chiefs Little Turkey (17881801), Black Fox (18011811), and Pathkiller (18111827), all former warriors of Dragging Canoe. Other ancestors of the Cherokee are considered to be part of the later Pisgah phase of South Appalachian Mississippian culture, a regional variation of the Mississippian culture that arose circa 1000 and lasted to 1500 CE. The Cherokee brought their grievances to a US judicial review that set a precedent in Indian country. The united states wanted the land on which the cherokee lived, the main reason for conflict between the Cherokee and the United States. They took them as captives in raids on enemy tribes. In 1721, the Cherokee ceded lands in South Carolina. Learn more about the world with our collection of regional and country maps. They lived interspersed among the Delawares and Shawnees of that area. [citation needed], The redefining of gender roles in Cherokee society first occurred in the time period between 1776 and 1835. It also participates in cultural exchange programs and joint Tribal Council meetings involving councilors from both Cherokee Tribes. You may have also heard people belonging to these tribes called "Indian" and "Native American.". Infoplease is a reference and learning site, combining the contents of an encyclopedia, a dictionary, an atlas and several almanacs loaded with facts. The successful cultivation of corn surpluses allowed the rise of larger, more complex chiefdoms consisting of several villages and concentrated populations during this period. In 1870, black men got the right to vote. The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians requires a minimum of one-sixteenth Cherokee blood quantum (genealogical descent, equivalent to one great-great-grandparent) and an ancestor on the Baker Roll. << /Type /Page /Parent 3 0 R /Resources 6 0 R /Contents 4 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] [78], While there is a record of a non-Native traveler in 1825 noticing what he considered to be "men who assumed the dress and performed the duties of women",[79] there is a lack of evidence of what would be considered "two-spirit" individuals in Cherokee society,[79] as is generally the case in matriarchal and matrilineal cultures. conflict [29] Ethnographer James Mooney, who studied and talked with the Cherokee in the late 1880s, was the first to trace the decline of the former hierarchy to this revolt. Clans formally relinquished judicial responsibilities by the 1820s when the Cherokee Supreme Court was established. The following year, a combined force of English colonists and Pamunkey drove the newcomers away. Many words, however, have been borrowed from the English language, such as gasoline, which in Cherokee is ga-so-li-ne (). Any changes to the tribe's enrollment procedures must be approved by the Department of Interior. For example, the people of the Connestee culture period are believed to be ancestors of the historic Cherokee and occupied what is now Western North Carolina in the Middle Woodland period, circa 200 to 600 CE. Cherokee. Formerly friendly with Carolina settlers, they were provoked into war with the colonists in 1760, and two years followed before the Cherokee sued for peace. 3. [23] Additional mounds were built by peoples during this cultural phase. Unlike most other Native American tribes in the American Southeast at the start of the historic era, the Cherokee and Tuscarora people spoke Iroquoian languages. The Eastern Band of the Cherokee Indians in North Carolina, led by Chief Richard Sneed, << /Length 8 0 R /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 620 /Height 815 /Interpolate In 1776, allied with the Shawnee led by Cornstalk, Cherokee attacked settlers in South Carolina, Georgia, Virginia, and North Carolina in the Second Cherokee War. endstream z^ zUghW|XM|=6|{u%cati|2"Wkev{FDIyi]d&. Ross had the support of Cherokee traditionalists, who could not imagine removal from their ancestral lands. He recorded meeting Cherokee-speaking people who visited him while he stayed at the Joara chiefdom (north of present-day Morganton, North Carolina). A. the history of human energy use in the United States B. the ways in which potential energy is converted to kinetic energy C. the best reasons to build new dams in the American Southwest D. the consequences of drought for people who rely on dams 3. Dragging Canoe and his band settled along Chickamauga Creek near present-day Chattanooga, Tennessee, where they established 11 new towns. Cuming arranged to take seven prominent Cherokee, including Attakullakulla, to London, England. [40], King George III's Royal Proclamation of 1763 forbade British settlements west of the Appalachian crest, as his government tried to afford some protection from colonial encroachment to the Cherokee and other tribes they depended on as allies. [80] The long-lasting effect of these practices reorganized Cherokee forms of government towards a male-dominated society which has affected the nation for generations. [44] Sequoyah's syllabary was adopted. [46] Between 1775 and 1786 the Cherokee, along with people of other nations such as the Choctaw and Chickasaw, began voluntarily settling along the Arkansas and Red Rivers. With the growth of the deerskin trade, the Cherokee were considered valuable trading partners, since deer skins from the cooler country of their mountain hunting-grounds were of better quality than those supplied by the lowland coastal tribes, who were neighbors of the English colonists. Their chief is Joe Bunch. Readworks Answer Key Bill Of Rights. C. The United States government passed laws intended to limit immigration. [85], As the Cherokee began to adopt some European-American customs, they began to purchase enslaved African Americans to serve as workers on their farms or plantations, which some of the elite families had in the antebellum years. [80], Slavery was a component of Cherokee society prior to European colonization, as they frequently enslaved enemy captives taken during times of conflict with other indigenous tribes. With capital to acquire new lands, they were more inclined to accept relocation. Why were abolitionists happy about the Emancipation Proclamation? [29] Later, the syllabary and writings were widely adopted by the Cherokee people. But from 1710 to 1715, the Cherokee and Chickasaw allied with the British, and fought the Shawnee, who were allied with French colonists, forcing the Shawnee to move northward.[35]. Formerly the largest and most important tribe in the Southeast, they occupied mountain areas of North and South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Tennessee. Both men were powerful speakers and well able to articulate their opposition to the constant pressure from settlers and the federal government to relocate to the west. >> Each sentence has one mistake. In 1827, Sequoyah had led a delegation of Old Settlers to Washington, D.C. to negotiate for the exchange of Arkansas land for land in Indian Territory. The Overhill Cherokee occupied towns along the lower Little Tennessee River and upper Tennessee River on the western side of the Appalachian Mountains, in present-day southeastern Tennessee.

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