And very competent adults of our culture can't do that. al (Eds. Today's episode was the first in our You 2.0 series, which runs all this month. That's because change is hard. You couldn't have predicted this I know-uh move-uh (ph). BORODITSKY: The way to say my name properly in Russian is (speaking foreign language), so I don't make people say that. But what if it's not even about lust? Copyright 2023 Steno. MCWHORTER: Yeah. something, even though it shouldn't be so much of an effort. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. VEDANTAM: Still don't have a clear picture? And it's sad that we're not going to be able to make use of them and learn them and celebrate them. Parents and peers influence our major life choices. Hidden Brain Feb 23, 2023 Happiness 2.0: Surprising Sources of Joy Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer, experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a. feeling or an experience. It goes in this pile. And what he noticed was that when people were trying to act like Monday, they would act like a man. Those are quirks of grammar literally in stone. But if you ask bilinguals, who have learned two languages and now they know that some genders disagree across the two languages, they're much less likely to say that it's because chairs are intrinsically masculine. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. Learn more. He's also the author of the book, "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". Newsletter: Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. And then when I turned, this little window stayed locked on the landscape, but it turned in my mind's eye. (Speaking Japanese). Hidden Brain - Transcripts Hidden Brain - Transcripts Subscribe 435 episodes Share Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #3: (Speaking foreign language). We'll begin with police shootings of unarmed Black men. VEDANTAM: It took just one week of living in Japan for Jennifer to pick up an important, VEDANTAM: There isn't a straightforward translation of this phrase in English. VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS), by Harry T. Reis et. - you would have to say something like, my arm got broken, or it so happened to me that my arm is broken. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. Hidden Brain explores the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior and questions that lie at the heart of our complex and changing world. Women under about 30 in the United States, when they're excited or they're trying to underline a point, putting uh at the end of things. BORODITSKY: Well, there may not be a word for left to refer to a left leg. MCWHORTER: Oh, yeah, I'm a human being. So we did an analysis of images in Artstor. If you're bilingual or multilingual, you may have noticed that different languages make you stretch in different ways. ROB LOWE: (As Chris Traeger) Dr. Harris, you are literally the meanest person I have ever met. Something new will have started by then, just like if we listen to people in 1971, they sound odd in that they don't say like as much as we do. 4.62. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. They shape our place in it. What do you think the implications are - if you buy the idea that languages are a very specific and unique way of seeing the world, of perceiving reality, what are the implications of so many languages disappearing during our time? So what happens is that once literally comes to feel like it means really, people start using it in figurative constructions such as I was literally dying of thirst. Hidden Brain. And it ended up becoming less a direct reflection of hearty laughter than an indication of the kind of almost subconscious laughter that we do in any kind of conversation that's meant as friendly. Lera is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. Can I get some chicken? Well, that's an incredibly large set of things, so that's a very broad effect of language. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. And if they were facing east, they would make the cards come toward them, toward the body. JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. BORODITSKY: Yeah. This week, we continue our look at the science of influence with psychologist Robert Cialdini, and explore how these techniques can be used for both good and evil. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #7: (Speaking foreign language). Transcript 585: In Defense of Ignorance Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard. Evaluating Changes in Motivation, Values, and Well-being, Goal Striving, Need Satisfaction, and Longitudinal Well-being: The Self-Concordance Model, Personal Strivings: An Approach to Personality and Subjective Well-being, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. So if the word for death was masculine in your language, you were likely to paint death as a man. And it irritates people, but there's a different way of seeing literally. Updated privacy policy: We have made some changes to our Privacy Policy. And maybe the convenience store or the shop is really not that far away. And one day, I was walking along, and I was just staring at the ground. You can find all Hidden Brain episodes on our website. And as odd as that sounds, I can guarantee you if you watch any TV show with women under a certain age or if you just go out on an American street and listen, you'll find that that's a new kind of exclamatory particle. So LOL starts out as meaning hardy-har-har (ph), but then it becomes something more abstract. Well never sell your personal information. And if that is true, then the educated person can look down on people who say Billy and me went to the store or who are using literally, quote, unquote, "wrong" and condemn them in the kinds of terms that once were ordinary for condemning black people or women or what have you. That's the way words are, too. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. GEACONE-CRUZ: And you're at home in your pajamas, all nice and cuddly and maybe, watching Netflix or something. VEDANTAM: I understand there's been some work looking at children and that children who speak certain languages are actually quicker to identify gender and their own gender than children who are learning other languages in other cultures. A brief history of relationship research in social psychology, by Harry T. Reis, in Handbook of the History of Social Psychology, 2011. And what we find is that if you teach people that forks go with men grammatically in a language, they start to think of forks as being more masculine. And to our surprise, 78 percent of the time, we could predict the gender of the personification based on the grammatical gender of the noun in the artist's native language. But if he just bumped into the table, and it happened to fall off the table and break, and it was an accident, then you might be more likely to say, the flute broke, or the flute broke itself, or it so happened to Sam that the flute broke. BORODITSKY: Well, you would be at sea at first. You know, there's no left leg or right leg. But it's exactly like - it was maybe about 20 years ago that somebody - a girlfriend I had told me that if I wore pants that had little vertical pleats up near the waist, then I was conveying that I was kind of past it. Special thanks to Adam Cole, who wrote and performed our rendition of "The Hokey Pokey." We lobby a neighbor to vote for our favored political candidate. Newsletter: Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, by Harry Reis, Edward P. Lemay Jr, and Catrin Finkenauer, Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2017. It turns out, as you point out, that in common usage, literally literally means the opposite of literally. If a transcript is available, youll see a Transcript button which expands to reveal the full transcript. But it's so hard to feel that partly because our brains are on writing, as I say in the book. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #2: (As character) Right. I know-uh (ph) is there, or something along the lines of babe-uh (ph). And so for me, that question was born in that conversation of are there some languages where it's easier to imagine a person without their characteristics of gender filled in? ADAM COLE, BYLINE: (Singing) You put your southwest leg in, and you shake it all about. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #3: (As character) I'm willing to get involved. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. If you take literally in what we can think of as its earliest meaning, the earliest meaning known to us is by the letter. HIDDEN BRAIN < Lost in Translation: January 29, 20189:00 PM ET VEDANTAM: Well, that's kind of you, Lera. The phrase brings an entire world with it - its context, its flavor, its culture. I think language can certainly be a contributor into the complex system of our thinking about gender. But they can also steer us in directions that leave us deeply unsatisfied. UNIDENTIFIED MAN #1: (Speaking foreign language). Copyright 2018 NPR. It's just how I feel. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. In this week's My Unsung Hero, Sarah Feldman thanks someone for their gift more than 20 years ago. They often feel angry about it, and you think this anger is actually telling. VEDANTAM: Many of us have dictionaries at home or at work, John. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. (SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, "PARKS AND RECREATION"). So in English, I might say that Sam (ph) broke the flute. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #6: (Speaking foreign language). GEACONE-CRUZ: And I ended up living there for 10 years. But as Bob Cialdini set out to discover the keys to influence and persuasion, he decided to follow the instincts of his childhood. FDA blocks human trials for Neuralink brain implants. You-uh (ph). For example, he might take a bunch of pictures of boys and girls and sort them and say, OK, this is a boy. And you say that dictionaries in some ways paint an unrealistic portrait of a language. Today, we explore the many facets of this idea. So even if I'm speaking English, the distinctions that I've learned in speaking Russian, for example, are still active in my mind to some extent, but they're more active if I'm actually speaking Russian. VEDANTAM: For more HIDDEN BRAIN, you can find us on Facebook and Twitter. We use a lot of music on the show! So some languages don't have number words. But what most people mean is that there'll be slang, that there'll be new words for new things and that some of those words will probably come from other languages. native tongue without even thinking about it. You can find the transcript for most episodes of Hidden Brain on our website. This week, in the final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Keltner describes what happens when we stop to savor the beauty in nature, art, or simply the moral courage of those around us. out. I saw this bird's-eye view, and I was this little red dot.
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